1颜料，分矿物质和化学合成两大类。初的颜料多为矿物质颜料，由手工研磨成细末，作画时才进行调和鼻衄内。近代由工厂成批生产，装入锡管，颜料的种类也不断增加。颜料的性能与其所含的化学成分有关，调色时，化学作用会使有些颜料之间产生不良反应。因而，掌握颜料的性能有助于充分发挥油画技巧并使作品色彩经久不变。

Pigments are divided into two categories: minerals and chemical synthesis. Most of the original pigments are mineral pigments, which are grinded into fine particles by hand. Only when painting, can they be mixed with the nasal bleeding. In modern times, it was produced in batches by factories and loaded into tin tubes. The types of pigments also increased. The performance of pigments is related to their chemical composition. When mixing colors, chemical action will cause adverse reactions between some pigments. Therefore, mastering the performance of pigments will help to give full play to oil painting skills and make the color of the work permanent.

松节油，是一种挥发性医用油。在油画的调制中，起稀释颜料的作用。一两分钟即可完全挥发，干后无光泽。将松节油和调色油按照一定比例混合使用，干得较快，色彩也比较亮。

Turpentine is a volatile medical oil. In the modulation of oil painting, it plays the role of diluting pigment. It can volatilize completely in a minute or two, and it will be dull after drying. Mix turpentine and toner in a certain proportion to dry faster and have a brighter color.

画笔，用弹性适中的动物毛制成，有尖锋圆形平锋扁平形短锋扁平形及扇形等种类。

The paintbrush is made of animal hair with moderate elasticity. It has sharp, round, flat, flat, short, flat and fan shapes.

画刀，又称调色刀，用富有弹性的薄钢片制成，有尖状圆状之分，用于在调色板上调匀颜料，不少画家也以刀代笔，直接用刀作画或部分地在画布上形成颜料层面肌理，增加表现力。

The painting knife, also known as the color mixing knife, is made of elastic thin steel sheet, which is divided into sharp and round shapes. It is used to mix the paint on the color palette. Many painters also use the knife instead of pen to paint directly or partially form the texture of the paint layer on the canvas to increase the expressiveness.

画布，标准的画布，是将亚麻布或帆布紧绷在木质内框上后，用胶或油与白粉掺和并涂刷在布的表面制作而成。一般做成不吸油又具有一定布纹效果的底子，或根据创作需要做成半吸油或完全吸油的底子。布纹的粗细根据画幅的大小而定，也根据作画效果的需要选择。有的画家使用涂过底色的画布，容易形成统一的画面色调，作画时还可不经意地露出底色。经过涂底制作后，不吸油的木板或硬纸板也可以代替画布。

Canvas, a standard canvas, is made of linen or canvas tightly stretched on the wooden inner frame, mixed with glue or oil and white powder, and painted on the surface of the cloth. Generally, it can be made into a non-oil absorption and cloth texture effect base, or a semi-oil absorption or full oil absorption base according to the creative needs. The thickness of the cloth texture depends on the size of the painting and the needs of the painting effect. Some painters use the canvas painted with the background color, which is easy to form a unified picture tone, and can inadvertently expose the background color when painting. After priming, non-oil-absorbing wood or cardboard can also replace canvas.

7外框，完整的油画作品包括外框，尤其是写实性较强的油画，外框形成观者对作品视域的界限，使画面显得完整集中，画中的物象在观者的感觉中朝纵深发展。画框的厚薄大小依作品内容而定。古典油画的外框多用木料石膏制成，近现代油画的外框较多用铝合金等金属材料制成。

7 Outer frame, complete oil painting works include outer frame, especially the oil painting with strong realism. The outer frame forms the boundary of the viewer's vision of the work, making the picture appear complete and concentrated, and the objects in the painting develop in depth in the viewer's sense. The thickness of the picture frame depends on the content of the work. The outer frame of classical oil painting is mostly made of wood gypsum, while the outer frame of modern oil painting is mostly made of aluminum alloy and other metal materials.

感谢您的阅读，此文的文章来源： 收购名人字画更多的内容和问题请点击：https://www.jndyt888.com我们会继续努力的为您提供服务，感谢您的支持！

Thank you for reading. The source of this article is: Acquisition of celebrity calligraphy and painting. For more information and questions, please click: https://www.jndyt888.com We will continue to work hard to provide you with services. Thank you for your support!