名人字画承载着深厚的文化内涵与艺术价值，在展厅中妥善保存这些珍贵作品，对于文化传承和艺术展示关重要。为确保名人字画在展厅环境中保持良好状态，需从多个关键方面着手，做好保存工作。​

Celebrity calligraphy and painting carry profound cultural connotations and artistic value. Properly preserving these precious works in the exhibition hall is crucial for cultural inheritance and artistic display. To ensure that celebrity calligraphy and paintings remain in good condition in the exhibition hall environment, it is necessary to start from multiple key aspects and carry out comprehensive preservation work. ​

一、精准把控环境因素​

1、 Accurately control environmental factors

（一）温湿度调节​

（1） Temperature and humidity regulation

温湿度的稳定对名人字画的保存影响深远。展厅内的温度应控制在 15℃ - 25℃之间，相对湿度保持在 45% - 60% 。温度过高会加速字画纸张老化、颜料褪色，过低则可能使纸张变脆；湿度过高易导致字画受潮发霉、滋生微生物，湿度过低又会让纸张干裂。可安装温湿度监测设备，实时监控环境数据，一旦出现异常，及时通过空调、加湿器、机等设备进行调节。例如，在南方潮湿的梅雨季节，需加强；而在北方干燥的冬季，则要适当增加湿度。​

The stability of temperature and humidity has a profound impact on the preservation of celebrity calligraphy and painting. The temperature inside the exhibition hall should be controlled between 15 ℃ and 25 ℃, and the relative humidity should be maintained between 45% and 60%. Excessive temperature can accelerate the aging of calligraphy and painting paper and the fading of pigments, while insufficient temperature may make the paper brittle; High humidity can easily cause calligraphy and painting to become damp, moldy, and breed microorganisms, while low humidity can cause paper to dry and crack. Temperature and humidity monitoring equipment can be installed to monitor environmental data in real time. In case of any abnormalities, timely adjustments can be made through devices such as air conditioning, humidifiers, dehumidifiers, etc. For example, during the humid rainy season in the south, it is necessary to strengthen dehumidification; In the dry winter of the north, it is necessary to increase the humidity appropriately. ​

（二）光照管理​

（2） Light management

光照是导致字画褪色、老化的重要因素之一，展厅应避免阳光直射，采用人工照明。优先选择低紫外线的 LED 灯光，其紫外线含量低，能有效减少对字画的损害。同时，控制灯光的照射强度和时间，避免长时间高强度照射。可设置定时开关，或使用感应装置，在无人参观时自动降低灯光亮度或关闭灯光。此外，还可在窗户、灯光处安装防紫外线玻璃或贴膜，进一步阻挡紫外线。​

Light is one of the important factors that cause the fading and aging of calligraphy and painting. Exhibition halls should avoid direct sunlight and use artificial lighting. Prioritize choosing low UV LED lights, which have low UV content and can effectively reduce damage to calligraphy and painting. Meanwhile, control the intensity and duration of the lighting to avoid prolonged high-intensity exposure. Timer switches can be set or sensing devices can be used to automatically reduce the brightness or turn off the lights when no one is visiting. In addition, UV resistant glass or film can be installed on windows and lighting areas to further block UV rays. ​

（三）空气质量保障​

（3） Air quality assurance

展厅内的空气质量同样关键。空气中的灰尘、酸性气体、污染物等会附着在字画上，损害其表面。应安装空气净化设备，过滤空气中的有害物质，定期对展厅进行清洁，使用吸尘器、静电掸等工具清理灰尘，避免使用湿布擦拭，防止湿气残留。同时，严禁在展厅内吸烟、饮食，减少人为产生的污染物。​

The air quality inside the exhibition hall is equally critical. Dust, acidic gases, pollutants, etc. in the air can adhere to calligraphy and painting, damaging their surfaces. Air purification equipment should be installed to filter harmful substances in the air, regularly clean the exhibition hall, use tools such as vacuum cleaners and electrostatic precipitators to remove dust, avoid using damp cloths to wipe, and prevent moisture residue. At the same time, smoking and eating are strictly prohibited in the exhibition hall to reduce human generated pollutants. ​

二、科学的展示与装裱​

2、 Scientific display and framing

（一）合适的装裱方式​

（1） Appropriate mounting method

装裱是保护字画的重要环节，选择合适的装裱材料和工艺关重要。装裱材料应选用无酸性、耐久性好的纸张、绫绢等，避免使用含有化学成分的胶水，防止对字画造成腐蚀。装裱工艺要精细，确保字画平整、牢固，避免出现褶皱、气泡等问题。对于珍贵字画，可采用传统的手工装裱，更好地保护字画的完整性。​

Mounting is an important step in protecting calligraphy and painting, and selecting suitable mounting materials and techniques is crucial. The mounting materials should be made of acid free and durable paper, silk, etc., avoiding the use of adhesives containing chemical components to prevent corrosion of calligraphy and painting. The mounting process should be precise to ensure that the calligraphy and painting are flat and firm, avoiding problems such as wrinkles and bubbles. For precious calligraphy and painting, traditional manual mounting can be used to better protect the integrity of the calligraphy and painting. ​

（二）的展示方式​

（2） Safe display method

在展厅中展示字画时，应使用的展柜或展板。展柜需具备良好的密封性，防止灰尘、湿气进入，可选择玻璃展柜，玻璃应具有防紫外线功能。展板要稳固，字画的悬挂方式要，避免使用尖锐的钉子直接固定字画，可采用挂钩、磁吸等方式，减少对字画的损伤。同时，字画与展柜、展板之间应保持一定距离，避免直接接触，防止摩擦损坏。​

When displaying calligraphy and paintings in the exhibition hall, professional display cabinets or display boards should be used. The display cabinet should have good sealing to prevent dust and moisture from entering. Glass display cabinets can be selected, and the glass should have UV protection function. The display board should be stable, and the hanging method of calligraphy and painting should be safe. Avoid using sharp nails to directly fix calligraphy and painting. Hooks, magnetic suction, and other methods can be used to reduce damage to calligraphy and painting. At the same time, a certain distance should be maintained between calligraphy and painting, display cabinets, and display boards to avoid direct contact and prevent friction damage. ​

三、严格的防护措施​

3、 Strict safety protection measures

（一）防盗防损​

（1） Anti theft and loss prevention

展厅应安装完善的防盗系统，如监控摄像头、防盗报警器等，实时监控展厅内的情况，确保字画。同时，制定严格的参观管理制度，限制参观人数，避免因人员拥挤造成字画损坏。工作人员在搬运、展示字画时，要佩戴手套，轻拿轻放，避免碰撞、挤压。​

The exhibition hall should be equipped with a comprehensive anti-theft system, such as surveillance cameras, anti-theft alarms, etc., to monitor the situation in the exhibition hall in real time and ensure the safety of calligraphy and painting. At the same time, strict visitor management systems should be established to limit the number of visitors and avoid damage to calligraphy and paintings caused by overcrowding. When carrying and displaying calligraphy and paintings, staff should wear gloves and handle them gently to avoid collisions and squeezing. ​

（二）应急处理准备​

（2） Emergency preparedness

制定应急预案，应对火灾、水灾、地震等突发情况。展厅内要配备灭火设备、防水沙袋等应急物资，定期进行消防演练，确保工作人员熟悉应急处理流程。一旦发生紧急情况，能够迅速采取措施，保护字画。例如，在火灾发生时，应尽快关闭展厅门窗，使用灭火设备灭火，避免火势蔓延到字画区域；在水灾发生时，及时转移字画到高处，防止被水浸泡。

Develop emergency plans to respond to sudden situations such as fires, floods, earthquakes, etc. Emergency supplies such as firefighting equipment and waterproof sandbags should be equipped in the exhibition hall, and regular fire drills should be conducted to ensure that staff are familiar with emergency response procedures. In case of emergency, measures can be taken quickly to protect the safety of calligraphy and painting. For example, in the event of a fire, the doors and windows of the exhibition hall should be closed as soon as possible, and fire extinguishing equipment should be used to extinguish the fire and prevent the fire from spreading to the calligraphy and painting area; In the event of a flood, promptly transfer calligraphy and paintings to higher places to prevent them from being soaked in water.

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