在拍卖行灯光下熠熠生辉的名人字画，转手间可能藏着“赝品雷区”。从齐白石的虾到徐悲鸿的马，从古籍善本到近现代名家手札，艺术品回收的水深不见底。但别怕，只要掌握这六大“防身术”，你也能在字画江湖里练就“火眼金睛”。

　　The celebrity calligraphy and paintings shining brightly under the lights of the auction house may hide a "fake minefield" in the resale process. From Qi Baishi's shrimp to Xu Beihong's horse, from ancient books and rare editions to modern masterpieces' handwritten notes, the depth of art recycling is bottomless. But don't be afraid, as long as you master these six "self-defense techniques", you can also cultivate "fiery eyes and golden eyes" in the world of calligraphy and painting.

　　一、鉴定环节：让科学“撕开伪装”

　　1、 Appraisal process: Let science 'tear open its disguise'

　　独立第三方鉴定：

　　Independent third-party appraisal:

　　拒绝卖家指定的“合作机构”，选择有CMA/CNAS认证的实验室，进行材质成分分析。

　　Reject the seller's designated 'cooperating institution' and select a laboratory with CMA/CNAS certification for material composition analysis.

　　现代科技“神助攻”：红外线成像可透视墨迹层次，X荧光光谱能分析矿物颜料年代，赝品在这些仪器前“裸奔”。

　　Modern technology's "divine assistance": infrared imaging can see through ink layers, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy can analyze the age of mineral pigments, and counterfeits run naked in front of these instruments.

　　笔迹鉴定“破局”：

　　The handwriting identification has broken through:

　　找公安系统备案的笔迹鉴定，对比画家生前签名样本，笔压、连笔、起收笔角度都是破绽。

　　Find a handwriting appraisal expert registered with the public security system, and compare the artist's signature samples before death. The pen pressure, continuity, and starting and ending angles are all flawed.

　　案例：某“启功书法”赝品，因落款“功”字一笔方向与真迹偏差5°，被识破。

　　Case: A counterfeit of "Qigong Calligraphy" was discovered by experts due to a deviation of 5 degrees between the direction of the last stroke of the signature "gong" character and the original.

　　二、来源追溯：给作品“查户口”

　　2、 Source tracing: "Check household registration" for the work

　　传承有序是王道：

　　The orderly inheritance is the way of the king:

　　要求卖家提供作品在拍卖行、美术馆、重要展览的“履历表”，核查现世时间。

　　Require the seller to provide a "resume" of their work at auction houses, art museums, and important exhibitions, with a focus on verifying the time of first appearance.

　　警惕“天降孤品”：某“李可染万山红遍”赝品，因查不到1964年展览记录被识破。

　　Be wary of "isolated items from heaven": a counterfeit of "Li Keran's Red Mountains" was discovered due to the inability to find records of its first exhibition in 1964.

　　画家家属“背书”：

　　Family members of the painter 'endorsement':

　　联系画家直系亲属或授权代理机构，核实作品是否在“家藏目录”中。

　　Contact the artist's immediate family or authorized agency to verify if the artwork is listed in the 'Family Collection Catalog'.

　　案例：某“林风眠仕女图”赝品，因画家女儿指出“母亲从未见过此画”而露馅。

　　Case: A fake painting of a "Lin Fengmian Lady" was exposed due to the artist's daughter pointing out that "the mother had never seen this painting".

　　三、细节：用合同“锁死风险”

　　3、 Transaction details: Lock in risk with contracts

　　真伪保证条款：

　　Authenticity Guarantee Clause:

　　合同明确写明“若经鉴定机构确认为赝品，卖家需按成交价120%回购”。

　　The contract clearly states that if it is confirmed by a national appraisal institution as a counterfeit, the seller shall repurchase it at 120% of the transaction price.

　　案例：某藏家凭此条款，成功追回80万购画款并获24万赔偿。

　　Case: A certain collector successfully recovered 800000 yuan of the purchase price and received 240000 yuan in compensation based on this clause.

　　付款“时间差”：

　　Payment 'time difference':

　　采用“3331”付款法：签约付30%，鉴定通过付30%，过户付30%，余款10%作为质保金。

　　Adopting the "3331" payment method: 30% payment upon signing the contract, 30% payment upon passing the appraisal, 30% payment upon transfer, and the remaining 10% as a quality guarantee deposit.

　　高端玩法：通过艺术品金融平台，资金由银行第三方托管。

　　High end gameplay: Trading through art finance platforms, with funds held in third-party custody by banks.

　　四、市场调研：给“称体重”

　　4、 Market Research: Weighing Prices

　　建立“锚点”：

　　Establish a 'Price Anchor':

　　查阅近3年同级别作品成交记录，看拍卖行成交价而非私下价。

　　Check the transaction records of works of the same level in the past 3 years, focusing on the auction house transaction price rather than the private transaction price.

　　警惕“低价陷阱”：某“傅抱石山水”要价50万，远低于市场价300万，实为高清复制品。

　　Beware of the 'low price trap': A certain 'Fu Baoshi Shanshui' is priced at 500000 yuan, far below the market price of 3 million yuan, and is actually a high-definition replica.

　　题材“冷热”分析：

　　Analysis of the theme "hot and cold":

　　热门题材（如齐白石草虫）赝品率超70%，冷门题材（如黄宾虹晚期泼墨）相对。

　　The counterfeit rate of popular themes (such as Qi Baishi grass worms) exceeds 70%, while unpopular themes (such as Huang Binhong's late splashed ink) are relatively safe.

　　案例：某“吴冠中江南水乡”赝品，因真迹90%藏于美术馆，流通量极低被识破。

　　Case: A counterfeit of the "Wu Guanzhong Jiangnan Water Town" was discovered due to 90% of the original works being held in an art museum with extremely low circulation.

　　五、心理战术：识破“套路剧本”

　　5、 Psychological tactics: recognizing the "routine script"

　　警惕“紧急催单”：

　　Be wary of "urgent reminders":

　　卖家声称“另有买家出高价”“家属急用钱”，90%是压力测试。

　　The seller claims that 'another buyer is offering a high price' and 'family members urgently need money', with 90% being stress tests.

　　反套路话术：“我正好要出差两周，不急的话回来再谈。”

　　I happen to be on a business trip for two weeks, so if you're not in a hurry, we can talk back

　　故事越动人，风险越高：

　　The more touching the story, the higher the risk:

　　“直接得自画家本人”“祖辈是画家好友”等说辞，需索要合影、信件等证据链。

　　Statements such as' directly obtained from the painter himself 'and' ancestors are friends of the painter 'require evidence chains such as photos and letters.

　　案例：某“徐悲鸿奔马”赝品，因卖家无法提供1950年代与画家合影被识破。

　　Case: A counterfeit of "Xu Beihong Running on a Horse" was discovered due to the seller's inability to provide a photo taken with the painter in the 1950s.

　　在真假难辨的艺术品市场，防骗不是“斗智”，而是“守拙”。记住：没有“捡漏”的运气，只有“踩坑”的陷阱。下次再面对“名人字画”时，不妨掏出这篇指南，让每一笔都经得起“显微镜”级的审视。毕竟，守住钱包的，从来不是运气，而是与谨慎。

　　In the art market where authenticity is difficult to distinguish, fraud prevention is not about "fighting wits", but about "guarding foolishness". Remember: there is no luck in "picking up leaks", only traps in "stepping on pitfalls". Next time you face "celebrity calligraphy and painting", why not take out this guide to make every transaction withstand the scrutiny of a "microscope". After all, guarding one's wallet is never luck, but professionalism and caution.

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　　This article is dedicated to the acquisition of celebrity calligraphy and painting friendship For more information, please click: https://www.jndyt888.com Sincere attitude To provide you with comprehensive services We will gradually contribute more relevant knowledge to everyone Coming soon.