名人字画作为承载艺术与历史价值的珍贵物件，在回收过程中，包装环节就像是为它们 “穿新衣”，不仅关乎字画的运输与存储，更是保护其艺术价值的关键屏障。想要妥善保护这些艺术瑰宝，包装方式需兼顾性与细致度，每一步都暗藏门道。

　　Celebrity calligraphy and paintings, as precious objects that carry artistic and historical value, are like "putting on new clothes" during the recycling process. This not only concerns the safe transportation and storage of calligraphy and paintings, but also serves as a key barrier to protect their artistic value. To properly protect these artistic treasures, packaging methods need to balance professionalism and meticulousness, with hidden tricks at every step.

　　，在接触字画前，操作人员必须做好清洁准备，戴上干净的棉质手套，避免手上的油脂、汗液沾染字画，造成不可逆的污损。对于字画本身，若表面有灰尘，需用柔软的羊毛掸子或干净的软毛刷，沿着字画纹理轻轻拂去，切不可用力擦拭，防止损伤纸张或绢布。

　　Firstly, before coming into contact with calligraphy and painting, the operator must prepare for cleaning and wear clean cotton gloves to prevent oil and sweat from contaminating the calligraphy and painting, causing irreversible damage. For the calligraphy and painting itself, if there is dust on the surface, it is necessary to use a soft wool duster or a clean soft bristled brush to gently brush off along the texture of the calligraphy and painting. Do not wipe with force to prevent damage to the paper or cloth.

　　除尘完毕后，要根据字画的尺寸和装裱形式选择合适的包装材料。对于未装裱的书画软片，可先在平整的操作台上铺一层无酸宣纸，将字画正面朝上轻轻放置其上，再覆盖一层同样大小的无酸宣纸，形成 “三明治” 式的保护结构，避免字画表面直接接触外界。无酸材料能有效防止酸性物质对字画的腐蚀，延长其保存寿命。若字画已装裱成卷轴形式，在卷动前，可在画心表面覆盖一层薄而柔软的棉纸，防止画心与天杆、地杆等部件摩擦受损，随后平稳卷动，注意卷动时松紧适度，过紧易造成折痕，过松则可能导致字画在内部滑动碰撞。

　　After dust removal, suitable packaging materials should be selected according to the size and mounting form of the calligraphy and painting. For unparamed calligraphy and painting film, you can first lay a layer of acid free Xuan paper on a flat operating table, gently place the calligraphy and painting face up on it, and then cover it with an equally sized layer of acid free Xuan paper to form a "sandwich" protective structure, avoiding direct contact between the calligraphy and painting surfaces and the outside world. Acid free materials can effectively prevent acidic substances from corroding calligraphy and painting, extending their shelf life. If the calligraphy or painting has been mounted in the form of a scroll, a thin and soft layer of cotton paper can be covered on the surface of the center of the painting before rolling to prevent friction and damage between the center and components such as the sky pole and ground pole. Then roll smoothly, paying attention to moderate elasticity during rolling. If it is too tight, it may cause creases, and if it is too loose, it may cause the calligraphy or painting to slide and collide inside.

　　包装的外部防护同样重要。小型字画可选用定制的锦盒或木盒，盒子内部需铺垫柔软的海绵或天鹅绒，将包裹好的字画轻轻放入，四周用海绵条或泡沫板填充固定，确保字画在盒内不会晃动。对于大型字画，可采用特制的木箱包装，先在箱底铺上一层防潮纸，再将包裹严实的字画平放在箱内，用木支架或泡沫板从四周进行支撑固定，防止运输过程中因颠簸造成挤压。若条件允许，还可在箱内放置干燥剂，吸收湿气，避免字画受潮发霉。

　　The external protection of packaging is equally important. Customized brocade boxes or wooden boxes can be used for small calligraphy and painting. Soft sponge or velvet should be placed inside the box. The wrapped calligraphy and painting should be placed gently, and the surrounding should be filled and fixed with sponge strips or foam plates to ensure that the calligraphy and painting will not shake in the box. For large-scale calligraphy and paintings, special wooden boxes can be used for packaging. First, a layer of moisture-proof paper is laid at the bottom of the box, then the tightly wrapped calligraphy and paintings are placed in the box horizontally, and supported and fixed from all sides with wooden brackets or foam plates to prevent extrusion due to turbulence during transportation. If conditions permit, desiccants can also be placed inside the box to absorb moisture and prevent calligraphy and painting from getting damp and moldy.

　　在运输环节，字画的摆放方式也有讲究。无论采用何种运输工具，都应尽量保持字画处于水平状态，避免竖直放置。竖直放置时，字画的重量会集中在底部，容易造成折损，尤其是长轴形式的字画。同时，要避免与其他重物堆叠，防止字画受到挤压。若需长途运输，可考虑使用的恒温恒湿运输箱，将箱内温度控制在 15 - 25℃，相对湿度保持在 40% - 60%，为字画创造稳定的环境，防止因温湿度剧烈变化引发纸张脆化、颜料褪色等问题。

　　In the transportation process, there are also requirements for the placement of calligraphy and painting. Regardless of the mode of transportation used, it is advisable to keep the calligraphy and painting in a horizontal position and avoid placing them vertically. When placed vertically, the weight of calligraphy and painting will be concentrated at the bottom, which can easily cause damage, especially for long axis calligraphy and painting. At the same time, avoid stacking with other heavy objects to prevent the calligraphy and painting from being squeezed. If long-distance transportation is required, it is advisable to consider using a professional constant temperature and humidity transport box. The temperature inside the box should be controlled at 15-25 ℃, and the relative humidity should be maintained at 40% -60% to create a stable environment for calligraphy and painting, preventing problems such as paper brittleness and pigment fading caused by drastic changes in temperature and humidity.

　　到达目的地后，拆封包装也需谨慎操作。按照与包装相反的顺序，小心移除外部防护材料，再轻轻揭开覆盖在字画上的宣纸或棉纸。拆封过程中，若发现字画有任何损伤迹象，如折痕、污渍等，应立即停止操作，并记录情况，必要时联系修复人员进行处理。

　　After arriving at the destination, opening the packaging should also be handled with caution. Carefully remove the external protective material in reverse order of the packaging, and then gently peel off the rice paper or cotton paper covering the calligraphy and painting. During the unpacking process, if any signs of damage are found on the calligraphy or painting, such as creases, stains, etc., the operation should be stopped immediately, and the situation should be recorded. If necessary, professional repair personnel should be contacted for handling.

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